Causes
- Physiological hyperarousal with elevated nighttime cortisol
- circadian rhythm disruption
- chronic anxiety or somatic pain
Symptoms
- Lying awake for hours
- fragmented nocturnal sleep
- waking unrefreshed
- daytime somnolence
- impaired concentration
Risk Factors
- Screen blue light exposure in bed
- irregular sleep timings
- late caffeine intake
- high stress levels