Ankylosing

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Causes of Ankylosing Spondylitis

  • Autoimmune and inflammatory reaction

  • Strong genetic association with HLA-B27 gene

  • Family history of ankylosing spondylitis

  • Abnormal immune response triggered by infections

Risk Factors

  • Age between 15 and 40 years

  • Male gender

  • Positive family history

  • Presence of HLA-B27 gene

Symptoms of Ankylosing Spondylitis

  • Chronic low back pain and stiffness (especially in the morning)

  • Pain that improves with movement and worsens with rest

  • Buttock or hip pain (sacroiliac joint pain)

  • Reduced spinal flexibility

  • Fatigue

  • Pain in shoulders, hips, or ribs

  • Difficulty in deep breathing (chest expansion reduced)

  • Eye inflammation (uveitis) causing redness and blurred vision

Commonly Affected Areas

  • Lower back and spine

  • Sacroiliac joints

  • Hips and shoulders

  • Chest (rib joints)

  • Eyes (uveitis – associated condition)