Asthma

Asthma 

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways in which the bronchial tubes become narrowed and swollen, producing excess mucus. This leads to recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. Asthma can affect people of all ages and varies from mild to severe. With proper treatment and trigger control, most people with asthma can live normal, active lives.

Asthma 

What is Asthma?

In asthma, the airways are hypersensitive. When exposed to triggers, the airway muscles tighten (bronchospasm), the lining swells, and mucus increases—making it hard to breathe.

Common Triggers

  • Dust, pollen, mites

  • Smoke, air pollution

  • Cold air

  • Respiratory infections

  • Exercise (exercise-induced asthma)

  • Strong smells, perfumes

  • Stress and emotional triggers

  • Pet dander

  • Certain medicines (e.g., aspirin, beta-blockers in some people)

Common Symptoms

  • Wheezing (whistling sound while breathing)

  • Shortness of breath

  • Chest tightness or pain

  • Persistent cough (often worse at night or early morning)

  • Difficulty in breathing during exertion

Risk Factors

  • Family history of asthma or allergies

  • Childhood respiratory infections

  • Exposure to tobacco smoke

  • Air pollution

  • Occupational exposure to dust/chemicals

  • Obesity

  • Allergic conditions (eczema, allergic rhinitis)