Osteoarthritis – Overview
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disorder caused by the gradual breakdown of cartilage—the protective tissue that cushions the ends of bones. As cartilage wears away, bones rub against each other, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced joint movement. It commonly affects the knees, hips, spine, hands, and neck.
Causes of Osteoarthritis
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Age-related wear and tear
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Repetitive joint stress or overuse
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Obesity (extra pressure on weight-bearing joints)
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Previous joint injury or surgery
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Genetic factors
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Weak muscles around joints
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Poor posture or joint alignment
Risk Factors
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Increasing age
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Obesity
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Family history of arthritis
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Occupations involving heavy physical work
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Sports injuries
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Joint deformities
Symptoms of Osteoarthritis
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Joint pain that worsens with activity
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Morning stiffness (usually lasts less than 30 minutes)
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Swelling or tenderness in the joint
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Reduced flexibility and movement
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Grinding or cracking sensation (crepitus)
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Joint deformity in advanced stages